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As-Sajdah - 32:21
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And Allah says
وَلَنُذِيقَنَّهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ الاَْدْنَى دُونَ الْعَذَابِ الاَْكْبَرِ
And verily, We will make them taste of the near lighter torment prior to the greater torment,
Ibn Abbas said, "The near torment means diseases and problems in this world, and the things that happen to its people as a test from Allah to His servants so that they will repent to Him."
Something similar was also narrated from Ubayy bin Ka`b, Abu Al-Aliyah, Al-Hasan, Ibrahim An-Nakha`i, Ad-Dahhak, Alqamah, Atiyah, Mujahid, Qatadah, Abd Al-Karim Al-Jazari and Khusayf.
لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ
in order that they may return
As-Sajdah - 32:22
وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّن ذُكِّرَ بِأيَاتِ رَبِّهِ ثُمَّ أَعْرَضَ عَنْهَا
And who does more wrong than he who is reminded of the Ayat of his Lord, then turns aside therefrom,
means, there is no one who does more wrong than the one whom Allah reminds of His signs and explains them to him clearly, then after that he neglects and ignores them, and turns away from them, forgetting them as if he does not know them.
Qatadah said: "Beware of turning away from the remembrance of Allah, for whoever turns away from remembering Him will be the most misguided and the most in need, and the most guilty of sin."
Allah says, warning the one who does that:
إِنَّا مِنَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ مُنتَقِمُونَ
Verily, We shall exact retribution from the criminals.
meaning, `We shall avenge Ourselves on those who do that in the strongest possible terms.
As-Sajdah - 32:23
The Book of Musa and the Leadership of the Children of Israel
Allah says;
وَلَقَدْ اتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ
And indeed We gave Musa the Scripture.
Allah tells us that He gave the Book -- the Tawrah -- to His servant and Messenger Musa, peace be upon him.
فَلَ تَكُن فِي مِرْيَةٍ مِّن لِّقَايِهِ
So, be not you in doubt of meeting him.
Qatadah said, "This refers to the Night of Isra'," then he narrated that Abu Al-Aliyah Ar-Riyahi said, "The cousin of your Prophet, meaning Ibn Abbas, told me that the Messenger of Allah said:
أُرِيتُ لَيْلَةَ أُسْرِيَ بِي مُوسى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ رَجُلً ادَمَ طِوَالاً جَعْدًا كَأَنَّهُ مِنْ رِجَالِ شَنُوءَةَ وَرَأَيْتُ عِيسى رَجُلً مَرْبُوعَ الْخَلْقِ إِلَى الْحُمْرَةِ وَالْبَيَاضِ سَبْط الرَّأْسِ وَرَأَيْتُ مَالِكًا خَازِنَ النَّارِ وَالدَّجَّال
On the night of Isra', I saw Musa bin Imran, a tall, brown-skinned man with curly hair, looking like the men of Shanu'ah; and I saw `Isa, a man of medium stature and ruddy white skin, and with lank hair. And I saw Malik the Keeper of Hell, and the Dajjal.
Among the signs which Allah showed him were:
فَلَ تَكُن فِي مِرْيَةٍ مِّن لِّقَايِهِ
(So, be not you in doubt of meeting him). i.e., he saw Musa and met with him on the Night of Isra'."
وَجَعَلْنَاهُ
And We made it
means, `the Book which We gave to him, '
هُدًى لِّبَنِي إِسْرَايِيلَ
a guide to the Children of Israel.
This is similar to what Allah says in Surah Al-Isra':
وَءَاتَيْنَأ مُوسَى الْكِتَـبَ وَجَعَلْنَاهُ هُدًى لِّبَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ أَلاَّ تَتَّخِذُواْ مِن دُونِى وَكِيلً
And We gave Musa the Scripture and made it a guidance for the Children of Israel (saying):"Take none other than Me as Trustee." (17:2)
As-Sajdah - 32:24
وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ أَيِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا لَمَّا صَبَرُوا وَكَانُوا بِأيَاتِنَا يُوقِنُونَ
And We made from among them, leaders, giving guidance under Our command, when they were patient and used to believe with certainty in Our Ayat.
means, because they were patient in adhering to the commands of Allah and avoiding what He prohibited, and they believed in His Messengers and followed what they brought, there were among them leaders who guided others to the truth by the command of Allah, calling for goodness, enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong. Then when they changed (the Words of Allah), twisting and distorting them, they lost that position and their hearts became hard. They change the words from their places, so they do no righteous deeds and have no correct beliefs.
Allah says:
وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ أَيِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا لَمَّا صَبَرُوا
And We made from among them (Children of Israel), leaders, giving guidance under Our command, when they were patient,
Qatadah and Sufyan said: "When they patiently shunned the temptations of this world."
This was also the view of Al-Hasan bin Salih.
Sufyan said, "This is how these people were. A man cannot be an example to be followed unless he shuns the temptation of this world."
Allah says:
وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا بَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ الْكِتَـبَ وَالْحُكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ وَرَزَقْنَـهُمْ مِّنَ الطَّيِّبَـتِ وَفَضَّلْنَـهُمْ عَلَى الْعَـلَمينَ وَءاتَيْنَـهُم بَيِّنَـتٍ مِّنَ الاٌّمْرِ
And indeed We gave the Children of Israel the Scripture, and the understanding of the Scripture and its laws, and the Prophethood; and provided them with good things, and preferred them above the nations. And We gave them clear proofs in matters. (45:16-17)
As-Sajdah - 32:25
And He says here:
إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ
Verily, your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection, concerning that wherein they used to differ.
meaning, with regard to beliefs and actions
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